SUBJECT
Definition
The
noun or noun phrase (gender, number, and person) that tells whom or what the
sentence addresses.
Type of subject
-
Simple
Example
: Kelly puts a lot of sauce in her food.
(Kelly
is the subject. A simple subject is just one word without any modifiers).
-
Complete
Example
: That new girl from England puts a lot of sauce in her food.
(That
new girl from England is a complete subject. It is the simple subject
(girl) plus all modifiers).
-
Compound
Example
: Kelly and George put a lot of sauce in their food.
(Kelly
and George is a compound subject. That just means it is made up of more
than one element).
VERB
Definition
Verbs
are often describes as doing words. A verb usually tells us what action is
being performed.
For
example :
·
He read the book.
·
She eat the cake.
Verbs can express a physical actions,
mental actions, or states of being.
For example :
1) Verbs
expressing physical actions.
Verbs
that express physical actions are the ones that spring to mind when most people
think about verbs. Such verbs are easy to spot because the action can be easily
envisaged. Here are some examples of verbs expressing physical actions :
·
To climb
·
To hit
·
To swim
2) Verbs
expressing mental actions.
Not
all actions are physical. Some are mental. Here are some examples of verbs
expressing mental actions :
·
To guess
·
To think
·
To wonder
3) Verbs
expressing a state of being.
The
very act of being (i.e., just existing) is also an action. Below are some
examples of verbs express a state of being. The most common one (in fact, the
most common verb of all) is the verb to be.
·
To appear
·
To exist
·
To be
COMPLEMENT
Definition
A complement is the part of a sentence that comes after the Verb and is
needed to make the sentence complete.
Examples
of Complements
1)
Subject Complement
He’s a surveyor.
(The subject is completed by the complement to the verb. This is a
copula verb.)
2)
Object Complement
He sent her the email.
(The sentence is completed by telling us what he sent to her)
3)
Adjectival Complement
They’ll be happy.
(The sentence is completed by the Adjective; this could be
extended further, they’ll be happy to see us, etc.)
4)
Prepositional Complement
They’ll talked about what needed doing.
(The sentence is completed by the phrase linked to the verb by the
preposition)
MODIFIER
Tells the time, place or manner of the action. Very often it’s a
prepositional phrase. Prepositional phrase is a group of words that begins with
a preposition and ends with a noun.
Note:
The modifier normally follows the complement, but not always. However,
the modifier especially when it’s a prepositional phrase, usually can’t
separate the verb and the complement.
SENTENCES
1)
Sandra is
cooking dinner tonight.
Subject Verb Phrase Complement Modifier of time
2)
Faras and Robby have visited the president.
Subject Verb Phrase Complement
3)
We can eat lunch in
this restaurant today.
Subject Verb Phrase Complement Modifier
place Modifier time
4)
He opened his sketch book.
Subject Verb Phrase Complement
5)
Sam
is
washing dishes
right now.
Subject Verb Phrase Complement
Modifier time
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